Different from Arabic numbers , there are 7 Roman numerals: I, V, X, L, C, D and M, where V is equal to 5 and M is equal to 1000.
| Roman | Arabic |
|---|---|
| I | 1 |
| V | 5 |
| X | 10 |
| L | 50 |
| C | 100 |
| D | 500 |
| M | 1000 |
| Arabic | Roman |
|---|---|
| 1 | I |
| 5 | V |
| 10 | X |
| 50 | L |
| 100 | C |
| 500 | D |
| 1000 | M |
The basic rule is when the larger number is in front, then add, when the smaller number is in front, then minus. For example:
- VI: where V is 5 and I is 1, V is larger and in front, so add the 2 numbers together 5+1 = 6
- IL: where L is 50 and I is 1, I is smaller and in front, so minus the 2 numbers together 50-1 = 49
- where the letters are the same, add together: III = 1 + 1 + 1 = 3
Convert Rules:
The following is the table to convert from Roman numerals to Arabic numbers. For example,
- 1800 = 1000 + 800 = M + DCCC = MDCCC
- 2300 = 2000 + 300 = MM + CCC = MMCCC
| Number | Thousands | Hundreds | Tens | Ones |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | M | C | X | I |
| 2 | MM | CC | XX | II |
| 3 | MMM | CCC | XXX | III |
| 4 | CD | XL | IV | |
| 5 | D | L | V | |
| 6 | DC | LX | VI | |
| 7 | DCC | LXX | VII | |
| 8 | DCCC | LXXX | VIII | |
| 9 | CM | XC | IX |
The following is the conversion from Roman numerals to Arabic numbers for 100 to 3,000 by 100:
| Roman | Arabic | Roman | Arabic |
|---|---|---|---|
| C | 100 | MDC | 1600 |
| CC | 200 | MDCC | 1700 |
| CCC | 300 | MDCCC | 1800 |
| CD | 400 | MCM | 1900 |
| D | 500 | MM | 2000 |
| DC | 600 | MMC | 2100 |
| DCC | 700 | MMCC | 2200 |
| DCCC | 800 | MMCCC | 2300 |
| CM | 900 | MMCD | 2400 |
| M | 1000 | MMD | 2500 |
| MC | 1100 | MMDC | 2600 |
| MCC | 1200 | MMDCC | 2700 |
| MCCC | 1300 | MMDCCC | 2800 |
| MCD | 1400 | MMCM | 2900 |
| MD | 1500 | MMM | 3000 |
The following is the conversion from Arabic numbers to Roman numerals for 100 to 3,000 by 100:
| Arabic | Roman | Arabic | Roman |
|---|---|---|---|
| 100 | C | 1600 | MDC |
| 200 | CC | 1700 | MDCC |
| 300 | CCC | 1800 | MDCCC |
| 400 | CD | 1900 | MCM |
| 500 | D | 2000 | MM |
| 600 | DC | 2100 | MMC |
| 700 | DCC | 2200 | MMCC |
| 800 | DCCC | 2300 | MMCCC |
| 900 | CM | 2400 | MMCD |
| 1000 | M | 2500 | MMD |
| 1100 | MC | 2600 | MMDC |
| 1200 | MCC | 2700 | MMDCC |
| 1300 | MCCC | 2800 | MMDCCC |
| 1400 | MCD | 2900 | MMCM |
| 1500 | MD | 3000 | MMM |
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