Different from Arabic numbers , there are 7 Roman numerals: I, V, X, L, C, D and M, where V is equal to 5 and M is equal to 1000.
| Roman | Arabic |
|---|---|
| I | 1 |
| V | 5 |
| X | 10 |
| L | 50 |
| C | 100 |
| D | 500 |
| M | 1000 |
| Arabic | Roman |
|---|---|
| 1 | I |
| 5 | V |
| 10 | X |
| 50 | L |
| 100 | C |
| 500 | D |
| 1000 | M |
The basic rule is when the larger number is in front, then add, when the smaller number is in front, then minus. For example:
- VI: where V is 5 and I is 1, V is larger and in front, so add the 2 numbers together 5+1 = 6
- IL: where L is 50 and I is 1, I is smaller and in front, so minus the 2 numbers together 50-1 = 49
- where the letters are the same, add together: III = 1 + 1 + 1 = 3
To convert a Roman numeral to the Arabic number, please break down the Arabic number and refer to the converter table below.
| Number | Thousands | Hundreds | Tens | Ones |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | M | C | X | I |
| 2 | MM | CC | XX | II |
| 3 | MMM | CCC | XXX | III |
| 4 | CD | XL | IV | |
| 5 | D | L | V | |
| 6 | DC | LX | VI | |
| 7 | DCC | LXX | VII | |
| 8 | DCCC | LXXX | VIII | |
| 9 | CM | XC | IX |
Example 1: to convert 2300 into a Roman numeral.
Step 1: Break the number 2384 into thousands, hundreds, tens and ones;
2384 = 2000 + 300
Step 2: Using the table above to check the Roman numerals for each number;
- 2000 = MM
- 300 = CCC
Step 3: Combine all Roman numerals together.
2300 = 2000 + 300 = MM + CCC = MMCCC
Results: 2300 is MMCCC when written in Roman numerials.
Example 2: to convert 2384 into a Roman numeral.
Step 1: Break the number 2384 into thousands, hundreds, tens and ones;
2384 = 2000 + 300 + 80 + 4
Step 2: Using the table above to check the Roman numerals for each number;
- 2000 = MM
- 300 = CCC
- 80 = LXXX
- 4 = IV
Step 3: Combine all Roman numerals together.
2384 = 2000 + 300 + 80 + 4 = MM + CCC + LXXX + IV = MMCCCLXXXIV
Results: 2384 is MMCCCLXXXIV when written in Roman numerials.
You may also like: