Republic Day in Brazil marks the 1889 proclamation that ended the monarchy and established the Federative Republic of Brazil. The day commemorates the peaceful military movement led by Marshal Deodoro da Fonseca, which ushered in a new era of republican governance. It is observed with civic ceremonies, parades, and educational events, honoring Brazil's transition to a modern state grounded in citizenship, democracy, and national identity.

When is Republic Day?

Republic Day is celebrated on November 15 each year.

The following is the list of Republic Day from 2020 to 2049.

The History of Republic Day?

Brazil had been a monarchy since its independence from Portugal in 1822. Emperor Dom Pedro II was widely respected, but by the late 19th century, several forces like military dissatisfaction and abolition of slavery in 1888 were pushing Brazil toward political change.

On the morning of November 15, 1889, in Rio de Janeiro (then the capital), Marshal Deodoro da Fonseca led a peaceful military movement that deposed the monarchy without bloodshed. Soldiers marched to the Campo de Santana, where Deodoro declared the end of imperial rule and the creation of a provisional republican government.

Dom Pedro II, dignified but weary of political conflict, accepted the decision and departed quietly for Europe with the royal family, marking a remarkably calm end to a 67-year empire. The provisional government, led by Deodoro da Fonseca, reorganized Brazil into the United States of Brazil (a name it kept until 1967). The monarchy was formally abolished, and Brazil began its long and complex journey as a republic.

Republic Day became an official national holiday in the early 20th century as part of efforts to strengthen national identity and civic pride in the new form of government.

Republic Day symbolizes Brazil's shift from imperial rule to a modern republic, emphasizing ideals of citizenship, democracy, and progress. Though the transition was peaceful, the decades that followed were politically turbulent, reflecting the ongoing challenge of building a stable and inclusive democratic system.