Independence Day in Finland marks the country's 1917 declaration of independence from Russia. It is observed with flag ceremonies, remembrance events, and families lighting two blue-and-white candles, while the President's Independence Day Reception highlights the nation's pride and unity.

When is Independence Day?

Independence Day in Finland is celebrated on December 6 each year.

The following is the list of Independence Day from 2020 to 2049.

The History of Independence Day?

For centuries, Finland was part of the Kingdom of Sweden. Finnish culture, laws, and institutions developed under Swedish influence, while Swedish remained the language of administration.

In 1809, Sweden ceded Finland to Russia after the Finnish War. Finland became the Grand Duchy of Finland, an autonomous territory within the Russian Empire. For most of the 19th century, Finland enjoyed relative autonomy, with its own parliament (the Diet), currency, and customs.

However, by the late 19th century, Russia imposed Russification policies, reducing Finnish autonomy and sparking resentment.

The Russian Revolution of 1917 created turmoil and weakened Russian control. Finnish leaders saw the opportunity to seek full independence.

On December 6, 1917, the Finnish Parliament adopted the Declaration of Independence, drafted by Prime Minister Pehr Evind Svinhufvud.

The new government sought recognition abroad. Soviet Russia recognized Finland on December 31, 1917. Other nations, including Germany, Sweden, and France, followed in early 1918.

Soon after independence, Finland was divided by internal conflict. The Finnish Civil War (January – May 1918) pitted the Reds (supported by Soviet Russia) against the Whites (supported by Germany). The Whites won the war, solidifying Finland's independence but leaving deep scars in society.

During World War II, Finland fought two wars against the Soviet Union: the Winter War (1939–1940) and the Continuation War (1941–1944). Despite territorial losses, Finland preserved its independence, unlike many other nations bordering the USSR.

Independence Day was first celebrated officially in 1919, but it became especially significant after WWII as a day of solemn remembrance and national pride. Families light two candles in windows, a tradition dating back to resistance against Russian rule, symbolizing unity and independence.

Independence Day is Finland's most important national holiday, combining solemn remembrance (for those who fought for freedom) with celebrations of sovereignty, democracy, and Finnish identity.