Constitution Day commemorates the enforcement of Japan's postwar Constitution of 1947, which established democracy, pacifism and the sovereignty of the people. The day encourages citizens to reflect on the meaning of democracy and peace in modern Japan. It is also part of Golden Week, a series of national holidays when museums, government buildings and cultural sites often hold special events and open houses.

When is Constitution Day?

Constitution Day in Japan is observed on May 03 each year.

The following is the list of Constitution Day from 2020 to 2049.

The History of Constitution Day?

Constitution Day is to commemorate the promulgation of Japan's postwar Constitution in 1947. This document replaced the Meiji Constitution of 1889, transforming Japan from an imperial state under the emperor's sovereignty into a democratic nation founded on the sovereignty of the people, respect for human rights and the renunciation of war.

After Japan's defeat in World War II, the Allied Occupation led by the United States pushed for sweeping political reforms. A new constitution was drafted under the supervision of General Douglas MacArthur's staff but refined and adopted by Japanese lawmakers. The result was the Constitution of Japan, promulgated on November 3, 1946 and officially enacted on May 3, 1947.

The new constitution introduced three key principles:

– Sovereignty of the people, political power derives from the people, not the emperor.
– Respect for fundamental human rights, ensuring freedoms such as speech, assembly, and equality.
– Renunciation of war, article 9 declares that Japan will not maintain military forces for warfare.

Constitution Day became a national holiday in 1948, intended as a time for citizens to reflect on democracy and peace. It is now part of Golden Week, one of Japan's most festive holiday periods, during which the National Diet Building and government institutions open to the public for tours and special exhibitions celebrating Japan's democratic values.